As some of you know, one of my classes this semester is Human Origins. It's an anthropological class in which we're learning about the evolution of the human species. I've always believed in evolution, but now I know that there's a lot of evidence that backs that up. I'm wondering, with all this evidence of evolution, how there can be so many creationists out there.
First, let me begin by briefly touching on the subject of fossils. Fossils are quite rare. It takes a lot for bones to become fossils, and they actually turn to stone given enough time. Fossils are rare because of scavengers and climate elements. So finding complete skeletal remains would be so improbable as to be compared to finding a needle in a haystack.
So anthropologists find these fossil remains, mostly of craniums and skulls. Through finding and analyzing them, we can see how the shape of hominins have gone from more apelike to how homo sapiens look today. The classic model we usually think of in terms of evolution of humans is wrong, it didn't happen that way, with humans crouching less and less as time went on to stand fully upright. In fact, the opposite happened. We started standing on two feet long before our primate features became more human looking. We can tell this by looking at the skulls. On a skull, we can see where the spinal cord attaches based on where the hole in the skull is. In humans, the spinal cord attaches at the base of the skull, indicating that in order to see what's around you, you have to be standing on two feet only. Primates who walk on all fours have the spinal cord attaching more towards the top of the skull so that they can see as they're walking.
Above is a photo of the first commonly accepted hominin species of Australopithecus anamensis, which is when we started diverging from other primates. As you can see, our facial features were still very apelike, although this is when we started walking on 2 feet. There have been other bones found that correlate the finding that they are bipeds. The A. anamensis lived from 4.2 through 3.9 million years ago.
Another feature worth mentioning of our evolution is that the brain capacity keeps growing larger as time goes on. A modern human of homo sapien has a brain capacity of 1,000-2,000cc. The A. afarensis, a decedent of A. anamensis, has a cranial capacity of 380-500cc. This keeps increasing the closer we get to homo sapiens.
(Australopithecus afarensis, lived 3.9-2.9 million years ago)
There are several species of hominins that are shown to have lived in overlapping times as evolution occurred.
(Australopithecus africanus, lived 3.3-2.4 million years ago, during the same time as A. afarensis)
I'm going to skip some species of Australopithecus and go into Paranthropus.
Above is Paranthropus boisei. This hominin lived from 2.7-2.5 million years ago, and had a cranial capacity of 500-550cc. These early hominins developed bigger brains quite slowly, but you can see how the features are changing. The face gets progressively flatter instead of a jutting jaw.
Now we get to the genius of homo, and more towards modern humans (sapiens).
(Homo habilis, lived 2.3-1.44 million years ago)
It seems that as we leave early hominins and get into the genius of homo, cranial capacity gets even larger. The largest cranial capacity had been 800cc, a bit short of modern human. As we get past Homo ergaster, and into erectus, the cranial capacity is at that of modern humans of 1,000cc+.
(Homo ergaster, lived 1.78-1.6 million years ago, cranial capacity of 880cc)
(Homo erectus, lived 1.8 million years ago thru about 500,000 years ago)
Pictured above is a skull of our direct ancestor, Homo neanderthalensis, or Neanderthals. As you can see, they are distinctly more human than where we first started. Homo sapiens are very young in history, and have only been around for about 300,000 years. If modern humans live for 1 million years, we aren't even at the halfway point yet.
If you want an example of non-human evolution that's occurred before our very eyes, consider a species of finch from the Galapagos Islands. There was one year of a terrible drought. As with human height, there was a slight variation in beak size of this finch. Only the finches that had slightly longer beaks survived because they were able to eat things that the finches with smaller beaks couldn't. About 95% of the population died. The birds that survived copulated, and the resulting chicks all had the slightly longer beaks to survive. Evolution is a species changing to adjust to situations. The ideal model survives while the others die off. There was only one year of drought, but further copulations of the finches resulted in the shorter beaks and many with longer ones. It took several generations, but most of the generation once again had shorter beaks, and the finches with longer beaks were once again an anomaly.
Anyway, there's obviously more to human evolution than the photos I've posted, but it's too much for one simple post. Once you actually start studying the subject, it's amazing to me that creationists continue to ignore all the evidence. Let me ask you this:
In what other context would you ignore all the evidence and decide the opposite based on no evidence?
Let's say that you are on a jury of a murder trial. The evidence is as follows: there was skin and DNA of the accused found under the victim's fingernails; there was hair and clothing fibers found at the scene that match the accused; his fingerprints are all over the scene and the murder weapon; he had no alibi; he was, in fact, seen in the area of the crime near the time of death. Now, would you insist that this man is innocent even though all evidence points to the contrary?
You can use hundreds of examples, but in no other context is this true. Faith is blind. It's nice to believe in something, yes, but that doesn't mean you have to take the Bible literally and believe in this creationism.
Noteworthy
*I am by no means dismissing or dissing religion. My *only* argument here is creationism and it's fallacies. Creationists have no evidence to support their claims that God created the world in His image is reality.
*I am not an atheist. I'm simply not a Christian, and I obviously don't believe what the Bible says, and this is just one of the reasons I don't agree with Christianity.